• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a swash plate (5) for a swash plate compressor (1) with a wobble plate main body (8), which consists of a sintered material, and a method for producing the swash plate (5).
    公开号:AT519398A1
    申请号:T51107/2016
    申请日:2016-12-06
    公开日:2018-06-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for producing a swash plate for a swash plate compressor, wherein the swash plate has a swash plate body.
    Further, the invention relates to a swash plate for a swash plate compressor with a swash plate body, and a swash plate compressor with a swash plate.
    Swashplate compressors, also called swashplate compressors, are known from the prior art. Often, this type of compressor is used in air conditioning systems of motor vehicles. These compressors include, inter alia, a swash plate which is slidably mounted in so-called shoes. Usually, the swash plates made of a cast material, such as bronze, produced, the final shape by machining, in particular by turning, is produced. For the shoes mentioned high alloy steels are often used with a relatively high hardness. Partly it is also described that the shoes are made of sintered materials.
    In particular, with lack or without lubrication occur on the swash plate in the field of storage in the shoes on relatively high wear.
    The present invention has for its object to be able to produce a swash plate easier. In particular, it is a partial object of the invention to improve the wear resistance of a swash plate.
    The object of the invention is achieved by the method mentioned, which provides that the swash plate base body is produced from a sintered powder or a plurality of sintered powders by a powder metallurgical method.
    Next, the object is achieved with the aforementioned swash plate, wherein the swash plate body consists of a sintered material, as well as by the aforementioned swash plate compressor, wherein the swash plate is formed according to the invention.
    The advantage here is that despite the geometrically simple component, which represents a swash plate, a cost reduction can be achieved if it is made of a sintered material. The swashplate can be manufactured in near net-shape or net-shape quality. The porosity or open porosity of the sintered swash plate is also advantageous, since the pores enable an improved connection of further layers, which are optionally arranged at least in regions on the surface of the swash plate. In addition, these pores can act as a lubricant reservoir, whereby completely dry conditions of storage of the swash plate in the swash plate shoes can be better prevented.
    According to one embodiment of the method or the swash plate can be provided that the swash plate base body is made of an iron-based sintering powder or consists thereof. It is thus possible to give the swash plate a higher hardness, whereby their wear resistance can be improved.
    To further improve these effects, it can be provided according to an embodiment that is used as an iron-base sintered powder of an alloy which is between 0.1 wt .-% and 0.9 wt .-% C, between 0 wt .-% and 5.0 Wt% Ni, between 0.04 wt% and 2 wt% Mo, between 0.05 wt% and 1 wt% Mn and between 0 wt% and 3 wt% Contains copper, with the remainder forming iron.
    Preferably, the swash plate main body is surface hardened after sintering to further improve the wear resistance,
    In this case, it is particularly preferable to nitride or carbonitride the surface of the sintered swashplate base body for hardening, wherein, according to a further embodiment variant, the swashplate base body is plasma-nitrided or plasma-carbonitrided on the surface. Not only can the wear resistance per se be improved, especially if the above-mentioned iron base material is used, but it is thus also possible to introduce compressive residual stresses into the swash plate, whereby the fatigue strength can be improved.
    According to another embodiment, it may be provided that a further surface layer is deposited or disposed on the nitrided or carbonized surface of the swash plate base body. It can thus be positively influenced the tribological properties of the swash plate, whereby the resistance of the swash plate against friction welding even under dry conditions, such as may be present at the beginning of operation, can be improved.
    Preferably, as a further surface layer, a bonded coating layer or a PVD layer or a DLC layer can be deposited or the further surface layer is a bonded coating layer, a PVD layer or a DLC layer, whereby the tribological properties of the swash plate can be further improved by the frictional resistance of the surface of the swash plate can be reduced.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    Each shows in a simplified, schematic representation:
    1 shows a cross section through a swash plate compressor.
    2 shows a detail of the swash plate compressor according to FIG. 1 in the region of the mounting of the swash plate in the swash plate bearing shoes;
    Fig. 3 shows a detail of a swash plate in cross section.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and to transmit mutatis mutandis to the new situation in a change in position.
    In FIG. 1, a swashplate compressor 1 (also denoted as a swash plate compressor) is shown in a highly schematically simplified manner. The swash plate compressor 1 has a housing 2, at least one piston 3 or a cylinder, a drive axle 4 and a swash plate 5. About the drive shaft 4, a rotary motion is introduced into the swash plate 5. The rotational movement is thereby transmitted in an axially oscillating piston movement, whereby a pressure build-up in the pressure medium can be achieved.
    Since the basic structure of a swash plate compressor 1 and its operating principle has already been described in detail in the relevant prior art, reference should be made to avoid repetition.
    In Fig. 2, the sliding bearing of the swash plate 5 is shown in cross section in detail. The swash plate 5 is mounted in Taumelscheibenschuhen 6. The swash plate shoes 6 form a sliding bearing and are preferably made of a steel. Surfaces 7 of the swash plate 5 slide on these Taumelscheibenschuhen 6 from. In particular, in this area, therefore, the swash plate 5 is exposed to a relatively high mechanical stress, so that an improvement in the wear resistance of the swash plate 5 would be beneficial.
    In order to achieve this improvement in wear resistance, it is now provided that a swash plate main body of the swash plate 5 is produced from one or more sintered powders by a powder metallurgy process, so that the swash plate main body 8 is made of a sintered material or is a sintered component.
    The method for producing the swash plate main body 8 comprises at least the steps of powder mixing, compacting the powder into a green compact, and sintering the green compact.
    In powder mixing, a powder mixture is made from metal powders. Optionally, however, a pre-alloyed metallic powder or a hybrid alloy powder can already be used. A hybrid alloy powder contains only a part of the alloying elements, while a pre-alloyed powder contains all the alloying elements. When using a hybrid alloy powder, therefore, the still missing alloying elements must be added.
    The powder mixture may further contain various adjuvants such as binders, e.g. Resins, silanes, oils, polymers or adhesives, or compression aids, e.g. Waxes, stearates, silanes, amides, polymers.
    The proportion of adjuvants in the total powder mixture can be up to a maximum of 5% by weight, in particular up to a maximum of 4% by weight.
    In principle, any suitable powder can be used as metallic powder or metallic powder mixture. In a preferred embodiment of the method or the swash plate 5, however, an iron-based sintering powder is used to produce the swash plate main body 8.
    In particular, the iron-base sintered powder used is an alloy which contains between 0.1% by weight and 0.9% by weight of C (graphite), between 0% by weight and 5.0% by weight of Ni, between 0.04% Wt .-% and 2 wt .-% Mo, between 0.05 wt .-% and 1 wt .-% Mn and between 0 wt .-% and 3 wt .-% copper, with the remainder iron forms. For example, the iron-base sintered powder used is an alloy which contains between 0.4% by weight and 0.7% by weight of C (graphite), between 1.5
    Wt .-% and 2.0 wt .-% Ni, between 0.04 wt .-% and 0.6 wt .-% Mo, between 0.05 wt .-% and 0.3 wt .-% Mn and between 1.3 wt .-% and 1.7 wt .-% copper, with the remainder iron forms. The proportions of the alloying elements are based on the iron-base sintering powder per se and not on the mixture with the optionally used excipients.
    The powder or powder mixture is then pressed into a green compact. The pressing can be done for example by means of a coaxial pressing process. As a result of the pressing, the swashplate base body 8 already has its shape, so that the shape and shape changes resulting during the subsequent process steps are already taken into account in the production of the pressing tools.
    The pressing is preferably carried out to a density of the green body of greater than 6.5 g / cm3, in particular greater than 6.8 g / cm3. Depending on the bulk density and theoretical density of the powder mixtures, compression pressures of 600 to 1200 MPa are used for this purpose.
    Instead of the coaxial pressing methods, other pressing methods can be used, as are customary in sintering technology, e.g. also isostatic pressing, etc ..
    After any debindering of the green compacts, these are sintered in one or more stages. It can be used to a reducing atmosphere in the sintering furnace. For example, a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture can be used with up to 30 vol .-% hydrogen. Preference is given to mixtures having a hydrogen content of between 5% by volume and 30% by volume, although it is also possible to use mixtures with less than 5% by weight. Optionally, a carburizing gas (endogas, methane, propane, and the like) may also be used or added to the nitrogen-hydrogen mixture. The proportion may be selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.01 vol .-% and an upper limit of 2.55 vol .-%, based on the total mixture.
    The sintering can be carried out at a temperature between 900 ° C and 1350 ° C for a period of between 10 minutes and 65 minutes at this temperature. Subsequently, the sintered swash plate main bodies 8 are cooled.
    In case of multi-stage sintering, the pre-sintering temperatures may be between 740 ° C and 1050 ° C, and the sintering time may be between 10 minutes and 2 hours.
    During pre-sintering, organic binders and lubricants are also burned out. During pre-sintering, there is only a limited amount of sintering of the powder grains, which leads to the formation of a rather weak sintered composite.
    By a presinter temperature below 1100 ° C can also be achieved that the graphite diffuses incomplete in the iron matrix material.
    The second sintering step can then take place at a temperature between 1100 ° C and 1350 ° C. The sintered moldings can be kept at this temperature for between 10 minutes and 65 minutes.
    Thereafter, the finished sintered swash plate main body 8 are cooled.
    It is possible that the green compact, the sintered sintered component or the finished sintered component is subjected to a mechanical processing known from the prior art. For example, facets, etc., can be arranged or formed on the swashplate base body 8.
    It is also possible to recompress and / or calibrate the presintered or finished sintered swashplate basic body 8 if the swashplate basic body 8 are not already produced in near net-shape or net-shape quality.
    Preferably, a surface 9 of the swash plate main body 8 is made with a porosity, i. that the swash plate main body 8 at least in
    Area of the surface 9 or at least in areas of this surface 9 has a density between 6.5 g / cm3 and 7.8 g / cm3.
    The pores, viewed in plan view of the surface 9, may have a maximum size between 0.1 gm and 2.5 gm.
    As stated above, a better connection of further layers is made possible via the pores, insofar as these are arranged on the swashplate base body 8.
    For this reason, it is also preferred that, should a re-compaction and / or calibration of the sintered swash plate base body 8 be carried out, this does not take place so far that the pores on the surface are completely closed, as a dense surface is formed.
    Then it is cooled by appropriate cooling units at the furnace outlet with a cooling rate between 2 K / s and 16 K / s from the sintering heat under the Mf and hardened with it. Due to the abrupt cooling and, if necessary, carburizing media during sintering, martensitic hardness structures are achieved and residual stress gradients adjusted, which have a favorable effect on the mechanical properties, in particular on the fatigue properties.
    After the sintering process, tempering of the hardened parts can be carried out in addition to the hardening from the sintering heat.
    According to one embodiment variant of the method, provision may be made for the swashplate base body 8 to be hardened after sintering.
    The curing can be carried out, for example, by rapid cooling from the sintering heat, for example at a cooling rate of more than 2 ° C / s.
    However, the curing is preferably carried out by nitriding or carbonitriding the sintered swash plate main body 8, for example gas nitriding or gas carbon. Hardening is particularly preferably carried out by means of plasma nitriding or plasma carbonitriding.
    For plasma nitriding or plasma nitrocarburizing, the swash plate main body 8 is placed in a treatment chamber in which at least one nitrogen source and optionally at least one carbon source is present.
    The plasma treatment of the swash plate main body 8 can be carried out with the following parameters. The swash plate main body 8 is preferably cleaned before the heat treatment in the plasma, optionally after previous removal of oils and fats in a cleaning system. The cleaning preferably takes place by means of sputtering.
    The temperature in plasma nitriding or plasma carbonitriding can be selected from a range of 350 ° C and 600 ° C, especially selected from a range of 400 ° C and 550 ° C. Optionally, the temperature can vary over the duration of the process, although in any case the temperature is in the stated temperature range.
    Plasma nitriding or plasma carbonitriding can be done within 1 hour to 60 hours.
    As the atmosphere in the plasma chamber, hydrogen or nitrogen or argon or a mixture thereof, for example, a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen may be used. The ratio of the volume fractions of hydrogen and nitrogen in this mixture may be selected from a range of 100: 1 to 1: 100. Optionally, the volume fractions of hydrogen and nitrogen over the duration of the process may vary, but in any case the ratios are in the above ranges, Additional process gases may be present, with their total amount of the atmosphere being at most 30% by volume.
    The electrical voltage between the electrodes is selected from a range of 300 V to 800 V, in particular from a range of 450 V to 700 V. It is also possible that the voltage during the plasma treatment of the swash plate main body 8 is varied.
    In this case, at least two separate electrodes can be used, as well as the swashplate main body 8 itself can be connected as an electrode.
    The pressure in the treatment chamber during the plasma treatment of the swashplate main body 8 can be selected from a range of 0.1 mbar to 10 mbar, in particular from a range of 2 mbar to 7 mbar.
    By plasma nitriding or plasma carburizing, a nitrided layer 10 or carbonized layer is formed on the surface 9 of the sintered swash plate base body 8, as can be seen in FIG. This layer 10 preferably forms the pores of the surface 9 of the swash plate main body 8 at least approximately, as can also be seen from FIG. 3.
    A thickness 11 of the nitrided layer 10 or carbonized layer may be selected from a range of 0.005 mm to 0.04 mm, in particular between 0.01 mm to 0.02 mm. In particular, the thickness 11 of the nitrided layer 10 or carbonitrided layer is greater than a maximum depth 12 of the pores on the surface 9 of the swashplate base body 8.
    The nitrided layer 10 or carbonitrided layer may have a hardness between 650 HV0.015 and 800 HV0.015.
    It is further preferred if the nitrided layer 10 or carbonitrided layer is produced exclusively as a diffusion layer. By this is meant that nitrogen and optionally carbon only in diffused form and not in the form of chemical compounds, e.g. Iron nitrides, present or present.
    According to a further embodiment, it may be provided that on the nitrided or carbonitrided surface of the swash plate main body 8, a further surface layer 13 is deposited, as shown in broken lines in Fig. 3.
    The further surface layer 13 may in particular be a bonded coating layer or a PVD layer or a DLC (diamond like carbon) layer.
    The exemplary embodiments show or describe possible design variants, it being noted at this point that various combinations of the individual design variants are also possible with one another,
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the construction of the swashplate compressor 1, it has been shown to be out of scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced,
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 Swashplate compressor 2 Housing 3 Piston 4 Drive axle 5 Swashplate 6 Swashplate shoe 7 Surface 8 Swashplate basic body 9 Surface 10 Layer 11 Thickness 12 Depth 13 Surface layer
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    claims
    1. A method for producing a swash plate (5) for a swash plate compressor (I), wherein the swash plate (5) has a swash plate base body (8), characterized in that the swash plate main body (8) is made of one or more sintered powders by a powder metallurgy method ,
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the swash plate base body (8) is made of a Eisenbasissinterpulver.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that is used as Eisenbasissinterpulver an alloy containing between 0.1 wt .-% and 0.9 wt .-% C, between 0 wt .-% and 5.0 wt. % Ni, between 0.04% by weight and 2% by weight Mo, between 0.05% by weight and 1% by weight Mn and between 0% by weight and 3% by weight copper, the remainder being iron.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface (9) of the sintered swash plate base body (8) is hardened.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the surface (9) of the sintered swash plate base body (8) is nitrided or carbonitrided for curing.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the surface (9) of the swash plate base body (13) for hardening plasma nitrided or plasma carbonitrided.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a further surface layer (13) is deposited on the nitrided or carbonitrided surface (9) of the swash plate base body (8),
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that as a further surface layer (13) a bonded coating layer or a PVD layer or a DLC layer is deposited.
    [9]
    9. swash plate (5) for a swash plate compressor (1) with a swash plate base body (8), characterized in that the swash plate base body (8) consists of a sintered material.
    [10]
    10. swash plate (5) according to claim 9, characterized in that the swash plate base body (8) is made of a Eisenbasissinterpulver.
    [11]
    11. Swash plate (5) according to claim 10, characterized in that the iron-base sintered powder consists of an alloy which is between 0.1 wt .-% and 0.9 wt .-% C, between 0 wt .-% and 5.0 Wt% Ni, between 0.04 wt% and 2 wt% Mo, between 0.05 wt% and 1 wt% Mn and between 0 wt% and 3 wt% Contains copper, with the remainder forming iron.
    [12]
    12. swash plate (5) according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the surface (9) of the swash plate base body (8) is hardened.
    [13]
    13. Swash plate (5) according to claim 12, characterized in that the surface (9) of the swash plate base body (8) is nitrided or carbonitrided.
    [14]
    14. swash plate (5) according to claim 13, characterized in that on the nitrided or carbonitrided surface (9) of the swash plate base body (8), a further surface layer (13) is arranged.
    [15]
    15. wobble plate (5) according to claim 14, characterized in that the further surface layer (13) is a Gleitlackschicht, a PVD layer or a DLC layer.
    [16]
    16, swash plate compressor (1) with a swash plate (5), characterized in that swash plate (5) according to one of claims 9 to 15 is formed.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1469963B1|2005-07-20|Method for producing sintered components from a sinterable material
    EP1755810B1|2009-02-25|Iron-based gear wheels produced by a process comprising uniaxially compacting, sintering and surface densifying
    US5613180A|1997-03-18|High density ferrous power metal alloy
    KR100841162B1|2008-06-24|Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof
    DE10203285C1|2003-08-07|Sinterable powder mixture for the production of sintered components
    DE10308274B4|2007-03-01|Production method for a high-density iron-containing forging
    AT505699B1|2010-10-15|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SINTERED CERTAIN COMPONENT
    AT515352B1|2017-09-15|sintered component
    AT509868B1|2011-12-15|CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT WITH REDUCED METAL HINGING
    AT519398B1|2019-05-15|Method for producing a swash plate
    AT507836B1|2011-01-15|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STEEL MOLDING PART
    RU2699882C2|2019-09-11|Pre-alloyed iron-based powder, iron-based powder mixture containing pre-alloyed iron-based powder, and method of making pressed and sintered parts from iron-based powder mixture
    AT505698B1|2010-05-15|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SINTER-CURABLE SINTER MOLDING PART
    DE102018000131A1|2018-07-26|bearing cap
    US7897102B2|2011-03-01|Method of making valve guide by powder metallurgy process
    DE102013109572A1|2014-03-20|Method for establishing sintered component module, involves increasing carbon content in sintered components and removing layer having increased carbon content and diffusion barrier between components before interconnecting components
    DE112018001615T5|2020-03-26|Valve seat made of sintered iron alloy with excellent thermal conductivity for use in internal combustion engines
    AT512329B1|2014-01-15|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SINTERED COMPONENT
    WO2005121383A1|2005-12-22|Heavy-duty engine component
    JPH07188710A|1995-07-25|Sintered hard alloy having fine through hole
    AT506444A1|2009-09-15|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SINTERED WORKPIECE ON IRON BASE
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN108150379A|2018-06-12|
    US20180154449A1|2018-06-07|
    US10792733B2|2020-10-06|
    AT519398B1|2019-05-15|
    DE102017011042A1|2018-06-07|
    CN108150379B|2021-04-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0149219A2|1983-12-28|1985-07-24|Speck-Kolbenpumpen-Fabrik|Piston pump|
    JP3045569B2|1991-07-22|2000-05-29|株式会社日立製作所|Rotary sliding body and swash plate compressor using the same|
    EP1236897A2|2001-02-28|2002-09-04|Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki|Component having slide contact area of compressor|
    EP1251274A2|2001-04-20|2002-10-23|Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki|Swash plate in swash plate type compressor|
    CN102974989A|2012-12-11|2013-03-20|浙江长盛滑动轴承股份有限公司|Production method for abrasion-resistant coated swash plate with oil pits or oil grooves|
    CN103170632A|2013-03-18|2013-06-26|嘉善洪达复合轴承有限公司|Solid solution sintering method of copper alloy steel piece and sintering of compressor swash plate|
    DE1953481C2|1969-10-24|1973-11-15|Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld|Sintered steel-bonded carbide hard alloy and process for their manufacture|
    US3991658A|1972-06-20|1976-11-16|Bobier Wilfred S|Fluid device having sintered metal components|
    JPS5951173A|1982-09-16|1984-03-24|Yunikura:Kk|Swash plate disc manufacturing method of rotating compressor|
    JPS639562B2|1983-10-03|1988-02-29|Hitachi Funmatsu Yakin Kk|
    JPS61276949A|1985-05-29|1986-12-06|Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd|Manufacture of sintered parts|
    JPH02181077A|1989-01-06|1990-07-13|Hitachi Ltd|Swash plate type compressor|
    TW408212B|1996-10-11|2000-10-11|Sanyo Electric Co|Method for treating metal surface, rotary shaft and vane for refrigerant compressor treated by the method, and refrigerant compressor using the same|
    JPH11280648A|1998-03-30|1999-10-15|Sanyo Electric Co Ltd|Rotary compressor|
    JP2003148294A|2001-11-12|2003-05-21|Hitachi Ltd|Fuel pump and cylinder injection engine|
    JP2004269973A|2003-03-10|2004-09-30|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|Method of producing sliding component, and compressor provided with the sliding component|
    CN101294557A|2007-04-29|2008-10-29|上海三电贝洱汽车空调有限公司|Swash plate of swash plate compressor|
    CN101469687A|2007-12-24|2009-07-01|上海三电贝洱汽车空调有限公司|Swash plate of swash plate compressor|
    JP5298838B2|2008-12-25|2013-09-25|大豊工業株式会社|Swash plate and its manufacturing method|
    CN103470475A|2013-09-26|2013-12-25|常熟市淼泉压缩机配件有限公司|Swash plate of rotating swash plate type air conditioner compressor|
    DE112016003760T5|2015-08-17|2018-05-03|Ntn Corporation|Sliding element and method for its production|DE102019125839A1|2019-09-25|2021-04-08|Danfoss A/S|Method of manufacturing a water hydraulic machine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA51107/2016A|AT519398B1|2016-12-06|2016-12-06|Method for producing a swash plate|ATA51107/2016A| AT519398B1|2016-12-06|2016-12-06|Method for producing a swash plate|
    DE102017011042.5A| DE102017011042A1|2016-12-06|2017-11-29|Method for producing a swash plate|
    US15/825,394| US10792733B2|2016-12-06|2017-11-29|Method for producing a swashplate|
    CN201711263220.3A| CN108150379B|2016-12-06|2017-12-05|Method for producing a swash plate|
    [返回顶部]